What are the different types of CSS positioning?

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CSS offers five main types of positioning for HTML elements, controlled by the position property. Each type determines how an element is placed in the document flow and how it interacts with other elements.

1. Static (default)

  • This is the default positioning.

  • Elements appear in the normal document flow.

  • top, right, bottom, and left properties have no effect.

2. Relative

  • The element stays in the normal flow, but you can adjust its position using top, left, etc.

  • Other elements are not affected by the shift.

  • Useful for slight adjustments or as a reference for absolutely positioned children.

3. Absolute

  • The element is removed from the normal flow.

  • Positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor (not static).

  • If no such ancestor exists, it’s positioned relative to the viewport.

4. Fixed

  • Like absolute, but always positioned relative to the viewport.

  • It stays in place even when the page is scrolled.

  • Commonly used for sticky headers, footers, or buttons.

5. Sticky

  • Behaves like relative until a certain scroll position is reached.

  • Then it “sticks” like fixed.

  • Useful for sticky menus or headers.

Each type serves different layout needs, and understanding them is key to effective CSS design.

Read More

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