How do you implement database migrations in Django?

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In Django, database migrations are handled using Django’s built-in migrations framework, which tracks changes to your models and applies them to the database schema.

Steps to Implement Migrations:

1. Define/Update Models
   Edit or create models in your models.py file within a Django app.

2. Create Migrations
   Run the following command to generate migration files based on model changes: This creates migration files in the migrations/ folder of your app.

3. Apply Migrations
   Apply the generated migrations to the database with:

4. Check Migration Status
   Use the following to see which migrations have been applied:

5. Custom Migrations
   You can create or modify migration files manually if needed (e.g., for data migrations). Use Run Python inside a migration file to write Python code that modifies data.

6. Rollback Migrations
   To undo a migration

Best Practices:

• Keep models and migrations in sync.

• Commit migration files to version control.

• Run migrations in a controlled environment (e.g., staging before production).

Django’s migration system makes it easy to evolve your database schema over time while keeping data safe and consistent.

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