How does request handling work in Flask?

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In Flask, request handling is based on the WSGI (Web Server Gateway Interface) standard and follows a simple, flexible flow that processes incoming HTTP requests and returns responses.

Key Components of Request Handling:

1. Routes and View Functions
   Flask uses the @app.route() decorator to map URLs (routes) to view functions. When a request matches a route, the corresponding function is executed.

2. Request Object
   Flask provides a global request object (from flask module) to access incoming request data like method, headers, form data, JSON, and query strings:

3. HTTP Methods
   Flask supports handling different HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.) by specifying them in the route definition.

4. URL Parameters
   You can capture dynamic segments of the URL as parameters:

5. Response Object
   Flask automatically converts return values (strings, dicts, etc.) into HTTP responses. You can also create custom responses using flask.Response.

6. Request Lifecycle

• Client sends HTTP request

• Flask matches route and method

• View function processes data

• Response is returned to the client

Summary

Flask handles requests by routing them to view functions based on the URL and method. The request object gives access to incoming data, and the view returns a response, enabling lightweight and flexible web application development.

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